Prevalence and Sociodemographic Determinants of Bancroftian Filariasis in a Semi Urban Community in Bamenda, Cameroon : A Cross Sectional Study

Lymphatic filariasis (LF), caused predominantly by Wuchereria bancrofti , is a neglected tropical disease that continues to impose significant morbidity in sub Saharan Africa. Despite ongoing elimination programs coordinated by the World Health Organization (WHO), persistent transmission occurs in endemic regions of Cameroon. Understanding local prevalence and demographic risk factors is essential for targeted interventions. Methodology/Principal_
Findings: A cross sectional study was conducted in Bamenda, Cameroon, involving 34
participants aged 14 50 years. Night peripheral blood samples were collected and examined using Giemsa stained thick blood films for microfilariae detection.
Sociodemographic factors, including age, sex, residence, occupati on, and education, were assessed via structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, chi square tests, and multivariable logistic regression were performed. The overall prevalence of microfilaremia was 14.7% (5/34; 95% CI: 5.0 31.1%). Logistic regressio n showed higher odds of infection in males (AOR = 1.58; 95% CI: 0.21 11.8), rural residents (AOR = 3.46; 95% CI: 0.31 38.5), and participants aged 20 25 years (AOR = 4.12; 95% CI: 0.36 47.6), although associations were not statistically significant (p > 0. 05). Epidemiological trends suggest demographic clustering of infection.
Conclusions/Significance: Bancroftian filariasis persists in the study area, particularly among rural populations and young adults. Strengthened mass drug administration (MDA), target ed vector control, and expanded surveillance using antigen based rapid diagnostic kits are recommended.