Prevalence and Sociodemographic Determinants of Bancroftian Filariasis in a Semi Urban Community in Bamenda, Cameroon : A Cross Sectional Study

Background:Lymphatic filariasis (LF), caused predominantly by Wuchereria bancrofti, is a neglected tropical disease that continues to impose significant morbidity in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite ongoing elimination programs coordinated by the World Health Organization (WHO), persistent transmission occurs in endemic regions of Cameroon. Understanding local prevalence and demographic risk factors is essential for targeted interventions.

Methodology/Principal_Findings:A cross-sectional study was conducted inBamenda, Cameroon, involving 34 participants aged 14–50 years. Night peripheral blood samples were collected and examined using Giemsa-stained thick blood films for microfilariae detection. Sociodemographic factors, including age, sex, residence, occupation, and education, were assessed via structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and multivariable logistic regression were performed. The overall prevalence of microfilaremia was 14.7% (5/34; 95% CI: 5.0–31.1%). Logistic regression showed higher odds of infection in males (AOR = 1.58; 95% CI: 0.21–11.8), rural residents (AOR = 3.46; 95% CI: 0.31–38.5), and participants aged 20–25 years (AOR = 4.12; 95% CI: 0.36–47.6), although associations were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Epidemiological trends suggest demographic clustering of infection.

Conclusions/Significance:Bancroftian filariasispersists in the study area, particularly among rural populations and young adults. Strengthened mass drug administration (MDA), targeted vector control, and expanded surveillance using antigen-based rapid diagnostic kits are recommended.