Scoping Review of Skin Cancer Incidence and Epidemiological Patterns in Somalia: A Comprehensive Assessment of the Current Landscape

Objective: This scoping review aims to comprehensively assess skin cancer incidence and epidemiological patterns in Somalia, addressing the limited data and challenges in healthcare infrastructure. This review seeks to inform evidence-based strategies for skin cancer prevention and early detection in the country by identifying research gaps and key areas for future
exploration. Methods: A systematic search was conducted using relevant keywords and MeSH terms in databases such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, WHO Global Health Library, African Journals Online (AJOL), Grey Literature sources, institutional repositories, and Google Scholar. Data extraction was conducted to gather information on study characteristics, population demographics, skin cancer incidence, prevalence, risk factors, and epidemiological patterns in Somalia. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines were adhered to ensure transparent reporting. 

Results: The scoping review highlights the lack of comprehensive data on skin cancer in Somalia due to the absence of a national cancer registry and limited research. Despite challenges in healthcare infrastructure and awareness, the review identifies potential regional variations in skin cancer incidence rates, emphasizing the need to understand local risk factors. Challenges in skin cancer diagnosis and reporting are linked to limited access to healthcare, a shortage of dermatologists,
and insufficient public awareness. Conclusion: This scoping review provides valuable insights into the landscape of skin cancer in Somalia and identifies critical research gaps and areas for future exploration. It emphasizes the necessity of establishing a national cancer registry, conducting population-based studies, and improving public awareness to tackle the burden of skin cancer effectively. Targeted interventions, multidisciplinary collaborations, and policy advocacy are essential to address the challenges and promote evidence-based skin cancer prevention and early detection strategies in Somalia. Dissemination of the review findings will contribute to raising awareness and improving the overall health of the Somali population.