Impaired Renal Function And Associated Risk Factors Amongst Hypertensive And Diabetic Patients In The Bafoussam Health District West Region Of Cameroon

Renal insufficiency is a medical condition of impaired kidney function in which the kidneys fail to adequately filter metabolic waste products from the blood such as nitrogenous waste and to regulate the fluid, electrolyte, and pH balance of the extracellular fluids. It can occur as an acute or a chronic disorder. Impaired renal function (IRF) is a worldwide problem with adverse outcome of kidney failure, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and death. Consequently research on assessing the
burden of this disease in a developing Country like Cameroon where sustainability of end-stage management cannot be guaranteed, is crucial for the adoption of better prevention strategies. Hence the objectives of this study were to determine the Occurrence and other associated risk factors of impaired renal failure, and to evaluate the knowledge of renal failure amongst hypertensive and diabetics patients in the Bafoussam health district. Impaired renal function was defined base on raised level of serum creatinine. A hospital base Analytical Observational study was done in five randomly selected hospitals of the Bafoussam health district and a total of 134
participants were recruited. Out of the 134 participants 65.7% were females and 34.3% were males. Majority (54.5%) were of age range 58 to 77 years majority (44.0%) had done a secondary level of education and with regards to occupation majority (29.9%) were famers. Impaired renal function was defined by a high level of serum creatinine. Majority of participants (57.5%) had a high level of serum creatinine and they had a high significant level of exposure to risk factors of impaired renal failure, amongst which alcohol consumption and overweight were the most remarkable (58.2% and 44.8% respectively), also majority (50%) did one or two physical activities daily. Out of 134
participants, 91.0% had poor knowledge of renal failure. In this study, it was realized that there is a high occurrence (57.5%) of impaired renal failure amongst diabetics and hypertensive patients of the Bafoussam health district, thus confirming the hypothesis mindful of the fact we worked with a normal distribution (Z=1.96), they had an overall high significance level of exposure to risk factors of renal failure.